leave的过去式(热门词汇leave的用法分析)

—Are you going to have a holiday this year?

—I’d love to. I can’t wait to leave this place___________.

A. off B. out C. behind D. over

解析：本题考查以动词leave为中心词的短语搭配。根据答句可以看出，意思是“等不及要去度假”，换句话说，就是“等不及要离开这个地方”。短语leave behind有“把……丢在后面”的意思，与句意吻合，故选C。leave behind还有“留下，忘带，遗留”的意思；leave out“遗漏，省略，忽略”；leave over“留下, 剩下，把……留待以后处理”。

leave 是一个活用词。可以作名词、动词，而作动词又可以作及物动词或不及物动词，在实际运用过程中又涉及时态、搭配等问题，笔者拟结合部分历年高考试题，根据其不同的意思，主要对其作动词的用法进行剖析。

英 [li:v] 美 [liv]

vt.

离开;遗弃;忘了带;交托

vt.& vi.

离去;出发;舍弃

n.

准假;假期;辞别;许可

一、表示“离开”，作及物动词或不及物动词。

1. 表示“离开某地”用leave +地点名词，如：

He left Beijing yesterday.他昨天离开北京。

[VN] I hate leaving home.

我讨厌离开家。

The plane leaves Heathrow at 12.35.

飞机于12:35在希思罗机场起飞

My secretary has threatened to leave.

我的秘书以辞职相要挟。

[VN] Some children leave school at 16.

有些学生16岁就离校了。

2. 表示“到某地”与介词for连用，即leave for+地点名词，如：

Tom was going to leave for Liverpool.汤姆打算出发去利物浦。

The plane leaves for Dallas at 12.35.

飞机于12:35起飞前往达拉斯。

3. 表示“离开某地(人)到某地去（为了某人）”，用leave... for...，如：

He decided to leave Qingdao for New York.

他决定离开青岛到纽约去。

She's leaving him for another man.

她要抛弃他去跟另一个男人。

特别提示

1. leave是瞬间动词，用于完成时中，不可与表示时间段的状语连用，如“史密斯先生已经

离开这儿5年了”应译作：

Mr Smith has been away for five years. 或：It is five years since Mr Smith left here.

2. 可以用其现在时表示将来，主要用于车、船、飞机等按时刻规定的时间开往某地。如：

The train leaves at five o’clock.火车5点离站。

Excuse me, can you tell me when the bus leaves?

劳驾，这列火车什么时候离站？

3. 同go , start, arrive, come等表示位移的动词一样，可以用进行时态表示将来，如：

He is leaving Beijing next week. 他下周要离开北京。

No one knew when he was leaving for New York.

当时没有人知道他什么时候到纽约去。

二、作使役动词时，意思是“让……处于某种状态”，可以跟复合宾语，用副词、形容词、名词、介词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等作宾语补足语。如：

1. （天津2004.34）Don’t leave the water ______ while you brush your teeth.

A. run B. running C. being run D. to run

解析： leave作使役动词，跟现在分词作宾语补足语，表示当时使某事物或人处于某种状态中。根据句意“刷牙时不要让水一直流着”可知是指当时的情形，故用现在分词作宾语。选B。

2. （安徽春招2003）—Why did you go back to the shop?

—I left my friend______there.

A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. waits

3. Leave the television on.让电视机开着。（别关电视。）（副词作宾补）

4. He went out leaving the door open. 他走了，门开着。（形容词作宾补）

经典例句：

The bomb blast left 25 people dead.

那颗炸弹炸死了25个人

Salter drove off, leaving Callendar surveying the scene.

索尔特开车走了，剩下卡伦德勘查现场。

He's asked for a month's leave.

他已请了一个月的假。

Don't leave her waiting outside in the rain.

别让她在外边雨里等着。

Leave the rice to cook for 20 minutes.

把大米煮20分钟。

I'm afraid you leave me no choice.

恐怕你没给我留下选择的余地。

Seven from ten leaves three.

10减7得3。

You can leave the cooking to me.

你可以把做饭的事交给我。

She left her assistant in charge.

她委托助手来负责。

Leave it with me ─I'm sure I can sort it out.

把这事留给我吧——我一定会解决的。

‘Where shall we eat?’ ‘I'll leave it entirely (up) to you (= you can decide) .’

“我们上哪儿吃去？”“我全交给你来决定好了。”

They left me with all the clearing up.

他们把什么都留给我来收拾。

[VN to inf] I was left to cope on my own.

就剩下我一个人来单独对付

Leave go of my arm─you're hurting me!

放开我的手臂——你把我弄痛了！

She knew that she had left childhood behind.

她知道童年已一去不复返了。

Start reading from where you left off last time.

从上次停下来的地方接着读吧。

[+ -ing] He left off playing the piano to answer the door.

他停止弹钢琴，应门去了。

You've left off a zero.

你漏掉了一个零。

We left him off the list.

我们未把他列入名单

Leave me out of this quarrel, please.

请别把我牵扯进这场争吵。

He hadn't been asked to the party and was feeling very left out.

他未被邀请参加聚会，感到颇受冷落。

With a nod and a smile, she took leave of her friends.

她点头微笑着向朋友告辞。

leave behind

1永久离开；抛下 2留下；余留 3把…抛在后面；超过

leave off

1剔除，排除（在名单之外） 2停止，中断（做某事）